SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Kwon, Yong Dae; Yamauchi, Hiroshi.

The processes of agricultural policy decision-making in the East Asian economies of Japan, Taiwan, and Korea are characterized by the complex interactions of competing special interest groups in their respective political arenas. An analytical model is designed to investigate how adjustments in rice price policies are endogenously related to the political economic forces associated with macroeconomic changes. The model is tested against the case of Korean rice price policy, which has not been satisfactorily explained in earlier modeling efforts. A political preference function is used to estimate the relative political weights of producers, consumers, and government over a 25-year period (1961-1985) during which major macroeconomic changes occurred. A...

Assessing Environment in Agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA): A Time Series Estimation

Palavras-chave: Endogenous rice policy; Political macroeconomy; Political preference function; Political weights; Econometric simulation; East Asia; Korea; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries.

Ano: 1989

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51260

Koffi-Tessio, Egnonto M.; Homevor, Kpotogbe.

Within a context of global trade liberalisation and constrained national budgets, agriculture in many countries has proved incapable of sustaining household livelihoods an d socio-economic development in rural areas. The post-war industrial success of several Asian countries has suggested various alternatives for rural development, including tourism for domestic and possibly foreign visitors. After outlining the economic characteristics of rural tourism and its policies, this paper reviews the evolution of government policies in this area in East Asia, including the establishment of "tourist farms" and "pilot scheme" villages in Korea since the 1980s. A field survey of some 200 Korean village leaders and others, undertaken in 2004, is reported as to the...

Benefit-Cost Analysis of Biodiesel Production in Korea

Palavras-chave: Rural tourism; Korea; East Asia; Tourism policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; O18; Q26; Q28.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25481

Lee, Sang-Min; Han, Hye-Sung.

The purpose of this study is to take a close look at Korea‘s biodiesel developing trends and assess economic feasibility based on benefit-cost analysis. This study finally presents directions to actively promote the biodiesel in Korea. The role of bio-energy is significantly emphasized due to the continuous rise in oil price and environmental problems. According to some researches that have considered various factors such as breed, productivity, production costs and levels of technology, the most feasible bio-ingredients are rape and barley. By means of the benefit-cost analysis, rape has positive values in the net profits when considered with indirect benefits. Also, it is estimated that rape is feasible when produced in place of barley for...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Biodiesel; Cost-benefit analysis; Korea; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45683

Conodont fauna of the Machari Formation (Middle and Upper Cambrian), Yeongweol area, Gangweon Province, Korea

Ameghiniana

Byung-Su,Lee; Yong,Il Lee; Miller,James F.; Jeong,Heon.

A diverse conodont fauna from the Machari Formation in the Yeongweol area of Gangweon (formerly Kangweon) Province, Korea, includes protoconodonts, paraconodonts, and euconodonts. Protoconodonts (assigned to Phylum Chaetognatha Leuckart and to Order Protoconodontida Landing) include Gapparodus Abaimova, Gumella Müller and Hinz, Hertzina Müller, and Phakelodus Miller. Paraconodonts (assigned to Phylum Chordata Bateson, to Superclass Conodonta Pander, and to Class Paraconodontida Müller) include species of Furnishina Müller, Muellerodus Miller, Proacodus Müller, Proacontiodus An, Prooneotodus Müller and Nogami, Prosagittodontus Müller and Nogami, and Westergaardodina Müller. Euconodonts (assigned to Phylum Chordata, to Superclass Conodonta Pander, and to...

Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article

Palavras-chave: Conodonts; Taxonomy; Biostratigraphy; Middle Cambrian; Upper Cambrian; Machari Formation; Korea.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0002-70142009000200015

Dairy Markets in Asia: An Overview of Recent Findings and Implications

Beghin, John C..

This paper is an overview of important findings regarding the ongoing evolution of Asian dairy markets based on a series of new economic investigations. These investigations provide systematic empirical foundations for assessing Asian dairy markets with their new consumption patterns, changing industries, and trade prospects under different domestic and trade policy regimes. The findings are drawn from four case studies (China, India, Japan, and Korea), as well as a prospective analysis of future regional patterns of consumption and a policy analysis of trade liberalization of Asian dairy markets. The overview distills the findings of these new investigations and integrates them in the earlier economic literature; it draws policy implications and...

Decoupled Payments and Agricultural Policy Reform in Korea

Palavras-chave: Asia; China; Dairy; India; Japan; Korea; Liberalization; Trade integration; Livestock Production/Industries.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18303

Lim, Song-Soo.

Abolishing a nearly 50-year-old policy for rice price support, Korea adopted a new direct payment program in 2005. Making the transition to decoupled income payments has been governed by the need for operative and effective income safety nets and the WTO disciplines on domestic support. The program aims to deal with over-supply of rice while guarding against the threat of income insecurity. Integrated into a target price mechanism, the fixed and variable payments compensate part of farm income loss arising from adverse market conditions. Besides, the government launched a public stockholding measure to ensure food security. A review of previous studies highlights the fixed payment has no or at most minimal effects on production while the variable payment...

Does Agricultural Trade Liberalization under FTA Reduce Pollution from Agriculture? : The Case of the Japan-Korea FTA

Palavras-chave: Decoupled payments; Direct payments; Policy reform; Rice; Korea; Agricultural and Food Policy.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9755

Yamamoto, Yasutaka; Sawauchi, Daisuke; Masuda, Kiyotaka.

The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the debate over agricultural trade and environment by asking: Does agricultural trade liberalization under free trade agreement (FTA) reduce pollution from agriculture? In order to contribute to answering the above research question, we measure the potential impact of environmental pollution from agriculture caused by agricultural trade liberalization under the Japan-Korea FTA (JKFTA), using the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model and the OECD Nitrogen Balance Database. The scenario we model assumes the complete removal of all import tariffs between Japan and Korea, not only in the agricultural sector but in non-agricultural sectors, as well. The results show the JKFTA is likely to lead to an overall...

Economic Analysis of the Liberalization of Red Meat Markets in the Pacific Region from 1988 to 2007

Palavras-chave: Trade and environment; Free trade agreement; Computable general equilibrium modeling; Agriculture; Japan; Korea; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade; C68; F14; F15; F18; Q17; Q56.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9969

Charlebois, Pierre; Gagne, Stephan; Gendron, Carole.

The liberalization of red meat (beef and pork) markets since 1988 is a good example of government action that has led to significant gains for the Canadian and American agri-food industries. Japan, South Korea and Mexico are the main countries that have liberalized their red meat markets since 1988. This industry has also benefited from the agreement between Canada and the United States. It has also made gain from the liberalization of the pork market in Australia and the Philippines, and the beef market in Indonesia. This analysis captures the impact on the price received by farmers as well as on Canadian production in the absence of these increased market access. The combination of lower prices and lower production would have caused annual average...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Liberalization; Benefits; Red meats; Pork; Beef; Japan; Korea; Mexico; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47133

Enhancing Linkage between Military and Agro-Food Industry Sectors in Korea

Estimation of Political Oligopoly Power of Domestic Producers in the Korean Raw-Milk Market

Kim, Sounghun.

The Ministry of National Defense (MND) is the biggest governmental consumer in the Korean agro-food sector. In 2006, the quantity of purchased agricultural products was about 260 thousand tons and the MND spent about 300 billion won for this purchase. The purpose of this paper is to review the current status of the food purchase system of MND and to suggest renewed roles of MND and the agro-food sector for better alliance. After evaluating the current food purchase system of MND, two main roles of MND were suggested: offering opportunities for Korean agro-food suppliers to sell their high-quality products and developing a purchase system to promote competition among suppliers. As the roles of the agro-food sector, stable supplying of cheap agro-food and...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Agro-food industry; Food purchase system of the Ministry of National Defense; Linkages; Korea; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45685

Factors Influencing Productive Activities of the Korean Rural Elderly

Jeon, Sang-Gon.

This paper estimates the political oligopoly power of domestic raw-milk producers in the Korean dairy market. Domestic raw-milk price for fluid use is decided exogenously by the government. The government announces the reference price of raw-milk price for fluid use to protect the domestic raw-milk producers from the potential market power of domestic dairy processors, because historically many small-sized domestic producers are a relatively weaker group than domestic processors. Here, this study has two questions: one is about how effectively the government protects the producers and the other is about how much the producers exert their political power against the government to raise the reference price in this process. Furthermore, this paper also tests...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Political power; Market power; Dairy; Milk; Korea; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Marketing.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45681

Food Security and Agricultural Protection in South Korea

Ma, Sang-Jin.

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing productive activities of the Korean rural elderly. Utilizing data from the 2004 survey "Living Profile and Welfare Service Needs of Older Persons in Korea," this study predicted the productive activities of the rural elderly. All of the ten predicting variables selected from the survey and literature review (age, gender, education, activity limitation, personal income, health, organization, family status, socio-economic status, and job) were found to have significant partial effects on such productive activities as paid work, care-giving and volunteer work. The following are major conclusions: The rural elderly women had more care-giving, whereas men had more volunteer work. Participation in...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Rural elderly; Productive activity; Paid work; Care-giving; Volunteer work; Korea; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45651

Beghin, John C.; Bureau, Jean-Christophe; Park, Sung Joon.

As part of its food security policy, South Korea has been pursuing food self-sufficiency using high tariffs and high administrative prices in key agricultural and food markets. Using a dual approach to trade and trade restrictiveness indices, we analyze the impact of these market distortions on welfare and trade volume. Then, we compute optimum distortions, which minimize the welfare costs of observed self-sufficiency and production objectives. We rationalize these optimum distortions to what could be claimed as legitimate protection under a "food security" (FS) box in World Trade Organization negotiations. FS-box protection is sensitive to changes in the definition and the extent of the FS objectives. We show that FS via production targets and reliance on...

Group Behavior and Development: A Comparison of Farmers' Organisations in South Korea and Taiwan

Palavras-chave: Agricultural distortions; Food security; Korea; Protection; Targeting; WTO negotiations; Food Security and Poverty.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18547

Burmeister, Larry; Ranis, Gustav; Wang, Michael.

This study presents a comparative analysis of farmers organisations in Korea and Taiwan during 1950-80 in order to help us understand the role of group behavior in affecting development outcomes. It highlights the linkages between group behavior, parastatal organisational structures and economic performance. The paper examines the historical and political economy contexts that led to the creation of both countries farmers organisations and highlights the institutional characteristics that impacted their operational effectiveness. The study discusses elements in internal and external policies that affected group motivation and traces the implications of such differences in group behavior for bottom line performance. Though there existed many similarities...

Impact of Direct Income Payments on Productive Efficiency of Korean Rice Farms

Palavras-chave: Farmers organizations; Korea; Taiwan; Group behavior; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; O17.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28464

Kang, Hye-Jung; Kim, Jeong-Ho.

This paper examines the impact of direct income payments on productive efficiency of Korean rice farms, using farm-level cross sectional data in 2006. For representation of efficiency and its determinants, this paper uses a model that estimates the deviations of farms from a translog distance function and the determinants of these deviations. This paper especially estimates a stochastic frontier production function to explain deviations from best-practice productivity with a two-part error term including statistical noise from measurement error and technical inefficiency arising from farms not reaching the production frontier boundary. The empirical evidence finds that farms that get a higher share of direct payments in farm revenue are less efficient than...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Direct income payments; Productive efficiency; Stochastic frontier production function; Korea; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45650

Impacts of the Doha Round on Korea's Agricultural Tariff Profile

Implications of the U.S.-Korea Free Trade Agreement for Agriculture and other Sectors of the Economy

Lim, Song-Soo.

The purpose of this paper is to simulate the proposed modality in market access and estimate its potential impacts on Korea's tariff profile. By accommodating a tiered formula for tariff reduction, the modality attempts to harmonize tariffs across products and countries. When no flexibility in tariff cuts is taken into account, Korea would face up to 68 percent reduction in tariffs in an average term (the baseline). The provision of sensitive products in which the tariff cuts are allowed to deviate from the tiered formula by two-thirds at a maximum is likely to bring about 11 percentage points of maximum tariff saving effects compared with the baseline case. Besides, Korea would be able to maximize savings in tariff reductions by 25 percentage points by...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Tariff; Tiered formula; Modality; Market access; Doha Round; Korea; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45677

Zhuang, Renan; Mattson, Jeremy W.; Koo, Won W..

This paper examines the effects of the U.S.-Korea free trade agreement (KORUS FTA) on various sectors of the economy in the two countries using a general equilibrium model. Additional analysis focuses on the agricultural sector. Our analysis indicates that the increase in U.S.-Korea bilateral trade volume in recent years has been through intra-industry trade of high-technology products. Under the KORUS FTA, the bilateral trade volume would increase for virtually all the sectors, and GDP and social welfare would improve for both countries. However, producers of textile products in the United States and producers of agricultural and food products in South Korea would suffer from the FTA. This agreement could benefit U.S. agriculture, but the benefits...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Korea; Free trade agreement; Trade creation; Trade diversion; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7636

Importance of Informational Labeling in Exporting Beef to South Korea: Preferences of Retailers, Wholesalers and Importers

Kim, Renee B.; Boyd, Milton S..

Country of origin labeling and brand labeling play important roles in affecting purchasing behavior of buyers in the Korean beef supply chain. This paper presents a model which explain differences in the attitudes and purchase behaviors of three marketing groups regarding country of origin and other important quality attributes. The results show some of the diversity of buyers' attitudes, preferences and willingness to pay for different country of origin and brand of foreign packers in three marketing groups.

Linking Food Industry and Agriculture: The Case of Fruit-Juice Industry and Korean Food Franchise

Palavras-chave: Informational Labeling; Logit Model; Korea; Beef Export; Quality Preference; Retailers; Wholesalers and Importers; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24846

Kim, Sounghun; Choi, Ji-Hyeon.

In Korea, the portion of food industry has increased, while the portion of agriculture keeps decreasing. The alliance between agriculture and food industry results in the synergy between both industries as well as higher farmers' income. The goal of this study is to analyze the current status of the linkages between two food industries (fruit-juice industry and Korean-style meal franchise industry) and agriculture, and then to present the ways to strengthen the linkages. The discussion in this paper will be a policy baseline aiming for synergy between both industries, which is of a special concern to the next regime.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Food industry; Fruit-juice industry; Korean food franchise industry; Agriculture; Linkages; Korea; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45679

Market Concentration of the Processed Food in Korea